The best answer is "it depends".
If an employee (in the normal sense of the word) is regularly engaged in that kind of work, probably not. Having plied your trade for one employer should not prevent you from seeking gainful employment in your field simply because you separate from that employer.
In other words, getting fired should not prevent you from seeking your regular type of work. Most likely the "trade secrets" clauses could be enforceable, though. You can still do what you do, but you have to keep your mouth shut regarding what you learned about your previous employer's business.
If, however, the "employee" was more realistically a partner, corporate officer or heavily involved in formulation, design, invention, etc., the non-compete might hold up to tighter scrutiny. No corporation wants someone in a power position to break off and go to work for a competitor (or start their own competition) using what they know from the previous relationship. Again, the "trade secrets" will likely be enforceable. Keeping someone from performing their regular line of work is unusual, however.
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